ATP and the regulation of renal cell function

SP Soltoff - Annual review of physiology, 1986 - annualreviews.org
SP Soltoff
Annual review of physiology, 1986annualreviews.org
The importance of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as the main provider of chemical energy
in the cell is basic to cellular physiology, and the involvement of A TP in maintaining various
cellular processes has been investigated in many diverse contexts since Lipmann (61)
postulated the wide-ranging biological importance of the ATP-ADP couple. This article is an
examination of the specific dependence of several important renal functions on ATP, and on
the interrelationship between these functions and ATP production in the kidney. Due to the …
The importance of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as the main provider of chemical energy in the cell is basic to cellular physiology, and the involvement of A TP in maintaining various cellular processes has been investigated in many diverse contexts since Lipmann (61) postulated the wide-ranging biological importance of the ATP-ADP couple. This article is an examination of the specific dependence of several important renal functions on ATP, and on the interrelationship between these functions and ATP production in the kidney. Due to the cardinal role that the Na, K-ATPase plays in performing the work of the kidney, much of this review is directed toward aspects involving the metabolic support of the renal sodium pump. Other transport and metabolic processes performed by the kidney also require A TP, and several of these will also be discussed, as will several effects of extracellular ATP. Under steady-state conditions, the consumption of ATP by endergonic processes in the renal cell is matched by the production of A TP, resulting in the maintenance of a constant concentration of ATP within the cell. About 95% of the ATP in the kidney is supplied by oxidative metabolism (22, 63), and thus the renal mitochondria play an integral role in maintaining the energy-requiring processes of the kidney. From the renal rate of oxygen consumption (QOz), which varies between 3 and 6 f. Lmol Oz/min· g kidney for rat, dog, and rabbit (22, 89), and the assumption that 6 moles of ATP are produced by the mitochondria for every mole of O2 consumed, it can be calculated that the ATP turnover in the kidney is 18-36 f. Lmol ATP/min'g kidney. In this review several questions related to this synthesis will be considered, including:(a) what are the relative contributions to ATP synthesis from the heterogeneous segments of the
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