[HTML][HTML] Novel signaling interactions between proteinase-activated receptor 2 and Toll-like receptors in vitro and in vivo
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) function as innate
immune biosensors in mucosal epithelial cells (ECs). We previously reported the functional
and physical interactions between TLR4 and PAR 2. We have extended these findings
herein by showing the cooperation between PAR 2 and TLR2, TLR3, or TLR4 for activation
of nuclear factor-κB-dependent signaling in mucosal EC lines. In contrast, activation of PAR
2 negatively regulated TLR3-dependent antiviral pathway, blunting the expression of …
immune biosensors in mucosal epithelial cells (ECs). We previously reported the functional
and physical interactions between TLR4 and PAR 2. We have extended these findings
herein by showing the cooperation between PAR 2 and TLR2, TLR3, or TLR4 for activation
of nuclear factor-κB-dependent signaling in mucosal EC lines. In contrast, activation of PAR
2 negatively regulated TLR3-dependent antiviral pathway, blunting the expression of …