P311 induces cellular changes in NIH 3T3 cells characteristic of myofibroblast transformation. (a–c) RT-PCR and microarray analysis demonstrating stimulation of VEGF, PDGF, and FGF-2 (a), PDGF receptors α (PDGF-Rα) and β (PDGF-Rβ) (b), and integrins α3 (Int α3) and α5 (Int α5) (c) in P311-transfected cells compared with controls transfected with vector alone. Integrin α2 (Int α2) was not expressed in either of them. There were two different cDNA microarray membranes; therefore the GAPDH internal control for each was included in the figure. (d) Histogram showing the increase in each respective mRNA in P311-expressing cells as established by densitometry of microarray dots. (e) Histogram showing increased proliferation rate for P311-expressing cells when cultured in the presence of serum and better survival in serumless conditions.